{"id":77034,"date":"2025-03-10T06:55:33","date_gmt":"2025-03-10T06:55:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/?p=77034"},"modified":"2025-03-10T06:57:52","modified_gmt":"2025-03-10T06:57:52","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%b9-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b6%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/?p=77034","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 12 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1434 \u0647\u0640 \/2013 \u0645\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1603\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 (1603\u0645-1627\u0645) \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 (El Escorial) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u062c \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062b\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u063a\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0632\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 &#8221; \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0629: \u0641\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0623 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 &#8220;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 &#8221; \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 &#8220;. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629: \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0632\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062e\u0636\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1612\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0622\u0633\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u062e\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646 (Jean Philippe de Castellane)\u060c \u062b\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"944\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/manuscrits.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-77036\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/manuscrits.webp 944w, https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/manuscrits-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/manuscrits-768x513.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 944px) 100vw, 944px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1612\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u063a \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062c\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0630\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1671\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 (\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629\u060c &nbsp;\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1627\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"770\" height=\"434\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/makhtoutat.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-77037\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/makhtoutat.jpg 770w, https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/makhtoutat-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/makhtoutat-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/makhtoutat-390x220.jpg 390w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0639\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 (1672\u0645-1727\u0645)\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0645 1690\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1671\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0623\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1757\u0645-1790\u0645) \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1179\u0647\u0640\/1766\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1213\u0647\u0640\/1779\u0645. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064a (\u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064a) (Michel Casiri) \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1760\u0645 \u06481770\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0627 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1884\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0641\u062c \u062f\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a (Hartwig Derenbourg) \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0644 (Levi Proven\u00e7al) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1928\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2009 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1434 \u0647\u0640\/2013 \u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 12 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1434 \u0647\u0640 \/2013 \u0645\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629: \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":77035,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[701,1255,7265,25956,1545,19631,25957,117,1472],"class_list":["post-77034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-86","tag-701","tag-1255","tag-7265","tag-25956","tag-1545","tag-19631","tag-25957","tag-117","tag-1472"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/manuscrit.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77034","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/45"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=77034"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77034\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":77041,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77034\/revisions\/77041"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/77035"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=77034"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=77034"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhadathlifriqui.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=77034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}